3-3-2 ⓔ文献

  1. 要介護高齢者,フレイル高齢者,認知症高齢者に対する栄養療法,運動療法,薬物療法に関するガイドライン作成に向けた調査研究班:フレイル診療ガイド 2018年版,ライフ・サイエンス,2018.

  2. Tanaka T, Takahashi K, et al: Oral frailty as a risk factor for physical frailty and mortality in community–dwelling elderly. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci, 2018; 73: 1661–1667.

  3. Dartigues JF, Amieva H: Cognitive frailty: rational and definition from an (I. a. N. a. /i. a. g. g. ) international consensus group. J Nutr Health Aging, 2014; 18: 95.

  4. Xue QL, Bandeen-Roche K, et al: Initial manifestations of frailty criteria and the development of frailty phenotype in the Women’s Health and Aging Study II. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci, 2008; 63: 984–990.

  5. Fried LP, Tangen CM, et al: Frailty in older adults: evidence for a phenotype. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci, 2001; 56: M146–M156.

  6. Makizako H, Shimada H, et al: Impact of physical frailty on disability in community–dwelling older adults: a prospective cohort study. BMJ Open, 2015; 5: e008462.

  7. Vermeiren S, Vella–Azzopardi R, et al: Frailty and the prediction of negative health outcomes: a meta–analysis. J Am Med Dir Assoc, 2016; 17: 1163, e1–e17.